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درباره این کتاب:
Centuries ago,
when penguins were first encountered by
European explorers, they were not thought
to be birds but rather a fish-like
relative. Subsequent accumulation of
knowledge has shown penguins to be an
avian species with unrivaled aquatic
attributes, owing to a number of
evolutionary adaptations: shape change,
low drag, ability to regulate buoyancy,
and extraordinary surface compliancy from
their featheration. They are indeed the
most extremely specialized diving bird,
having given up flight (which otherwise is
hugely advantageous) to the benefit of
underwater prowess (such as speed,
maneuverability and an ability to exploit
an extraordinary range of depths). This
flightlessness, however, also comes with
costs that are substantial for a seabird
(such as the inability to cover large
distances quickly in reaction to ephemeral
prey); and the energy needed to cope with
moving through an aqueous environment,
which is more resistant than air. For
penguins, the high energetic costs in
exploiting the ocean environment thus
makes them especially sensitive to changes
in food availability or their access to
their prey.
While a number of “penguin books” cover
the natural history, mainly of breeding
aspects, few address in much detail the
incredible aquatic nature of these
creatures. A huge amount of information
has been amassed over recent past decades
thanks to dramatic advances in
microelectronics, bio-logging and
maturation of some long-term studies of
penguin life history. This work represents
an integration of all these data with
charts, maps and graphs, along with richly
illustrated photos by experts in the
field.
■ در این کتاب چه
میخوانیم:
Part I: In
the Beginning
Chapter 1:
Wading In: Introduction to
Fish-Birds
Chapter 2: Land Ahoy: A Tiresome Business
Part II: Penguin Marine Haunts and Food
Habits
Chapter 3: Fish-Birds at Home in Their
Oceanic Habitats
Chapter 4: Sea Food: The Fish-Bird Menu
Chapter 5: Ecological Consequences of Diet
Composition
Part III: The Hardware of a Fish-Bird
Chapter 6: The Slippery Shape, Hot Air,
and the Powerhouse: How Fish-Birds Swim
Chapter 7: Hot Penguins: Cold Water
Chapter 8: Fish-Birds: The Inside Story
Part IV: The Software of Fish-Birds
Chapter 9: Embracing the Depths: The
Fish-Bird Dive
Chapter 10: Decisions, Decisions, and More
Decisions: How Fish-Birds Search for Prey
Chapter 11: The Final Seconds: How
Fish-Birds Catch Prey
Part V: Penguins in a Fickle Environment
Chapter 12: Turning the Tables: Fish-Birds
on the Menu
Chapter 13: Penguins Coping with a
Changing Ocean
Chapter 14: Not Forgetting…
Part VI: Our Final Thoughts
Chapter 15: Penguins: Why the Hype?
◄ مطالعه
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